Unit-15
Chapter: War and Peace
Grammar: Sentence Functions
PARTS OF SPEECH:
Parts of speech in the English language: noun, pronoun, verb, adjective, adverb, preposition, conjunction, and interjection.
- NOUN
- A noun is the name of a person, place, thing, or idea.
man… Butter.. College… house… happiness
- PRONOUN
- A pronoun is a word used in place of a noun.
She.He.. we..I. they… it
- VERB
- A verb expresses action or being.
jump… is… write… become
- ADJECTIVE
- An adjective modifies or describes a noun or pronoun.
pretty… old… blue… smart
- ADVERB
- An adverb modifies or describes a verb, an adjective, or another adverb.
gently… extremely… carefully… well
- PREPOSITION
- A preposition is a word placed before a noun or pronoun to form a phrase modifying another word in the sentence.
by… with…. about… until
- CONJUNCTION
- A conjunction joins words, phrases, or clauses.
and… but… or… while… because
- INTERJECTION
- An interjection is a word used to express emotion.
Oh!… Wow!… Oops!
- Complement
Complements are words or groups of words that are necessary to complete the meaning of another part of the sentence. Complements act like modifiers to add additional meaning to the word or words they are attached to.
Example- Algebra is difficult. Here, difficult is complement of subject algebra.
Practice makes algebra easy.Here, easy is complement of object algebra.
Do you know the parts of a sentence? If not, look at this sentence.
The fat man painted the door green last week.
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In this sentence, the fat man → Subject (S)
painted → Verb (V)
the door → Object (O)
green → Complement (C)
last week → Adverbial (A)
Divide the following sentences into different parts.
Example: The man will buy a pen next week.
The man – will buy – a pen – next week.
Subject + Verb + Object + Adverbial
a.The children are playing now.
The children-are playing-now.
Ans: Subject + Verb + Adverbial
b. Srijana will be reading a story.
Srijana-will be reading-a story.
Ans: Subject + Verb + Object
c. Bimala is a very beautiful girl.
Bimala+is+a very beautiful girl.
Ans: S+v+ C
d. She usually wears glasses.
She+usually+wears+glasses.
Ans: S+adverbial+verb+object
e. They elected him President.
They+elected+him+president.
Ans: S+verb+object+complement.
f. Rabin is laughing.
Rabin+is laughing.
Ans: S+verb.
g. He has a big house in Butwal.
He +has+a big house+in Butwal.
Ans: S+verb+object+Adverbial.
i. The man who lives next door is a professor.
The man who lives next door+is + a professor.
Ans: S+ verb+Object.
j. Her uncle has been living in Kathmandu for fifteen years.
Her uncle+has been living+ in Kathmandu+ for fifteen years.
Ans: S+verb+Adverbial+Adverbial.
k. The girl with long hair asked me a question last week.
The girl with long hair+asked+me+ a question+ last week.
Ans: S+verb+object+Object+adverbial.
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