Class 12 English book chapter 10 | Career Opportunities | Grammar Exercise Solution |CONDITIONAL SENTENCE?
Grammar:
CONDITIONAL SENTENCE?
- It has two parts or clauses:
- It starts with if statement
- First Case: Zero Conditional
Use of Present Tense in both clauses
When we talk about generally true
Structure: If+S+v1/v5,S+ v1/v5+O.
Example: If it rains, I wear a raincoat to reach my office.
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2nd Case: FIRST CONDITIONAL:
Use of prsent tense and future
When we talk about probability in future.
Structure: If+ S+v1/v5,S+will/shall+v1+O
Example: If I find my book, I will start reading it.
3rd Case: Simple Past Tense
Talks about a hypothetical situation(Unlikely to happen)
Structure: If+S+v2+O, I +would+v1+O
Example: If I passed the exam, I would get a new phone.
4th Case: Past Perfect Tense
Talks about a hypothetical situation(Unlikely to happen)
Structure: If+S+had+v3+O, S +would+have+v3+O
If I had climbed the mountain, I would have awarded the national prize.
5th Case: MIXED CONDITIONAL
Talks about unreal condition/result in the past or the present.
Structure: If+S+had+v3+O,S+would+v1+O
Example: If I had attended the class, I would pass the exam.
Structure: If+S+v2, S+would/could+have +v3+O
Example: If you were a singer, you would have earned a lot of money.
B. Rewrite the following sentences using the correct form of the verbs.
- If you sell your stocks now, you won’t get much money for them. (not/get)
- A lot of people would lose their jobs if the factory closed down. (close down)
- Our country won’t have to export wheat if it rains in November and February. (rain)
- If we had found him earlier, we could have saved his life. (find)
- If he had not been wearing a helmet, he could have been seriously injured.
- Unless you follow the instructions, you will not pass the exams. (not/pass)
- I don’t mind walking home as long as the weather is fine. (be)
- The bank will sanction you the loan provided you deposit a collateral. (deposit)
- What would you have been doing if you had not got this job? (you/do)
- If you had the choice, where would you have lived? (you/live)
C. Change the following sentences into ‘if sentences’ as in the example.
Example: I did not go to a restaurant because I was not hungry.
I would have gone to a restaurant if I had been hungry.
a. The driver was talking on the phone so the accident happened.
Ans: If the driver had not been talking on the phone, the accident would not have happened.
b. There is no one at home because all the lights are off.
Ans: If there was someone at home, all the lights wouldn’t be off.
c. He must be an educated person because he has subscribed ‘The Kathmandu Post.’
Ans: If he was an educated person, he would have subscribed ‘The Kathmandu Post.’
d. His head was not injured in the accident because he had put the helmet on.
Ans: His head would have been injured in the accident if he had not put the helmet on.
e. I am sure he passed the exam because he gave a heavy treat to his friends.
Ans: I am sure he would not have passed the exam if he hadn’t given a heavy treat to his friends.
f. You didn’t take any breakfast so you are hungry now.
Ans: If you had taken some breakfast, you would not be hungry now.
g. I am sure he is a doctor because he is wearing the white gown.
Ans: I am sure he wouldn’t be a doctor if he was not wearing the white gown.
h. She is very rich so she drives a Mercedes.
Ans: If she was not very rich, she would not be driving a Mercedes.
i. I didn’t know it was only half a kilometer from my house, so I booked a ride.
Ans: If I had known it was only a half kilometer from my house, I would not have booked a ride.
j. He has hidden something in his mind, so he does not look fresh.
If he had not hidden anything in his mind, he would look fresh.